The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to complete a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.